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Uvavanyo lwe-servos alufuni ulwazi oluphezulu lwe-elektroniki. Ukuqonda iindlela ezimbalwa ezilula nezisebenzayo kukuvumela ukuba uvavanye ngokukhawuleza ukusebenza kwabo.

Kutheni Uvavanya iiNkonzo?
Ii-Servos zineenjini, iiseti zegiya, ii-potentiometers, kunye nolawulo lokujikeleza. Ingxaki kulo naliphi na la macandelo inokubangela ukuba i-servo ingasebenzi kakuhle. Umzekelo, iijoyinti zerobhothi zinokujimeka ngequbuliso, okanye imoto elawulwa kude isenokungaphenduli; kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kubangelwa ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-servo. Uvavanyo lwangaphambili luthintela iingxaki ukuba zingabhaqwa phakathi kweprojekthi, okonga ixesha elibalulekileyo kunye nomzamo.

Uvavanyo lukunceda ukuba uqonde ukusebenza kokwenyani kwe-servo. Ezinye ii-servos zinokujika, kodwa zinokuba nengxaki ezinokubakho ezifana netorque enganelanga, ukubekwa kwindawo engachanekanga, okanye ingxolo egqithisileyo. Ngovavanyo olucwangcisiweyo, unokukhetha ii-servos ezisebenza kakhulu kwiiprojekthi ezibalulekileyo kwaye usebenzise ezingenamandla kancinane kwiimeko ezingabizi kakhulu, ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi.

UVavanya njani iServo Motor ngeMultimeter
I-multimeter sisixhobo esisebenzayo sokuvavanya ingqibelelo ye-servo motor's circuitry. Cwangcisa i-multimeter kwisimo sokumelana kunye nokulinganisa ukuchasana phakathi kwe-terminal ye-servo motor kunye nomhlaba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kuxhathisa kufuneka kube ngamakhulu amaninzi ukuya kumawaka amaninzi ohms. Ukuba ukuchasana ku-zero okanye okungapheliyo, kukho amathuba aphezulu okuba i-circuit yangaphakathi i-short-circuited okanye i-open-circuited.

Emva koko, ukulinganisa ukuchasana phakathi komgca wesignali kunye nomhlaba. Oku kuxhathisa ngokuqhelekileyo kuphezulu kakhulu xa umbane ucinyiwe. Ukuba isiphaluka esifutshane sifunyenwe, kubonisa ukuba i-chip yokulawula ingonakaliswa. Nangona i-multimeter ingenako ukulinganisa ngokugqibeleleyo imeko yokusebenza kwe-servo motor, inokuphelisa ngokukhawuleza iimpazamo ezinzulu zesekethe, ngakumbi xa unebhetshi yee-servos ezifuna ukuhlolwa kokuqala. Le ndlela iyasebenza kakhulu.

Yintoni omawuyithathele ingqalelo ngexesha loVavanyo lwe-Servo No-Load
Akukho vavanyo lomthwalo lwenziwa xa i-servo ingaxhunywanga kuwo nawuphi na umthwalo. Emva kokuba amandla evuliwe, ngokuthe ngcembe thumela imiqondiso yolawulo kwi-servo kwaye ujonge ukuba ukujikeleza kwayo kuhamba kakuhle. I-servo enempilo kufuneka ijikeleze kakuhle ngaphandle kwe-jamming okanye ingxolo engaqhelekanga, kwaye ikwazi ukumisa ngokuchanekileyo kwindawo echongiweyo.

Nika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ukuchaneka kokubuyela kwe-servo kwiziko. Hambisa i-servo ukusuka kwindawo yayo yasekhohlo ukuya kwindawo yayo ekunene, kwaye unike umyalelo wokuyibuyisela kwindawo esembindini. Jonga ukuba ingabuyela ngokuchanekileyo kwindawo enye ngexesha ngalinye. Ukuba kukho impazamo enkulu ekubuyeleni kwiziko, kunokwenzeka ukuba i-potentiometer yangaphakathi igugile okanye i-backlash yegiya inkulu kakhulu. I-servo enjalo ayifanelekanga kwizicelo ezifuna indawo echanekileyo.

Indlela echanekileyo yoVavanyo lomthwalo weServo
Ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwe-servo ekusebenzeni kwangempela kunokufezekiswa ngovavanyo lomthwalo. Ungayicofa ngobunono idiski ye-servo ngeminwe yakho ukuva amandla kwi-shaft yemveliso ye-servo. I-servo esebenza ngokufanelekileyo kufuneka ikwazi ukuxhathisa ukuxhathisa okuphakathi kwaye igcine indawo yayo. Ukuba nokuba amandla amancinci abangela ukuba i-servo ilahlekelwe yindawo okanye iyeke ukujikeleza, ibonisa i-torque eyaneleyo.

Indlela yobuchwephesha ngakumbi kukusebenzisa isikali sasentwasahlobo okanye isixhobo sengalo yelever kuvavanyo lobungakanani. Rekhoda i-torque ephezulu yokubamba i-servo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zombane kwaye uyithelekise nexabiso legama. Ngexesha lovavanyo, qaphela ukuba ungavumeli i-servo ihlale igxilile ixesha elide, njengoko ukugqithisa kwamandla kunokonakalisa i-motor okanye ukuqhuba i-circuitry.

Ingaba ingxolo engaqhelekanga kunye nokungcangcazela kwi-servo kubonisa ntoni?

Iialamu ezibonisa iingxaki zangaphakathi kwii-servo motors zihlala zihamba kunye nezandi ezingaqhelekanga. Iigiya ezonakalisiweyo okanye izinto zangaphandle ezincanyathiselwe kuzo zivelisa isandi esicacileyo "sokucofa", ngelixa amandla agqithisileyo kwimoto okanye ukuhluthwa kwegiya kunokubangela isandi esincwineyo. Ukudityaniswa kwe-potentiometer engalunganga okanye ukujikeleza kokulawula okungazinzanga kudla ngokubonisa ingxolo eqhubekayo yokungcangcazela.

IJitter yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ukuba intloko ye-servo iqhubeka i-oscillates ngaphakathi kwinqanaba elincinci, lingabonisa ukungahambi kakuhle kwiiparamitha ze-PID okanye impazamo kwinkqubo yempendulo. Kule meko, nokuba i-servo inokujikeleza, ayiyi kusebenza ngokuzinzileyo kwizicelo eziphathekayo, ngakumbi kwiiprojekthi zerobhothi ezichanekileyo okanye iigimbal zekhamera. Iinkonzo ezinjalo zifuna ukutshintshwa okanye ukulungiswa.

ImiGaqo yoKhuseleko kuVavanyo lweeMoto ze-Servo
Xa uvavanya ii-servos, soloko ujonga ukuba i-polarity yonikezelo lwamandla idityaniswe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye akukho xhulumaniso lubuyela umva. Nokuba ukuguqulwa kwesibini sombane kunokubangela umonakalo osisigxina kwi-servo motor control chip. Xa usebenzisa umbane ohlengahlengiswayo, qala ngevoltheji ephantsi kwaye uyanyuse ngokuthe ngcembe ukunqanda amandla ombane aphezulu ngequbuliso angonakalisi izinto ezibuthathaka ze-elektroniki.

Ngexesha lokuvavanya, qaphela kakhulu ubushushu be-servo. Ubushushu obuncinane buqhelekile; nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-servo iba shushu kakhulu kwi-touch ngaphakathi kwexesha elifutshane, ngoko nangoko qhawula umbane kwaye uyihlole. Le meko inokwenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yesiphaluka esifutshane kwikhoyili yangaphakathi okanye ukuchasana okugqithisileyo koomatshini okubangela ukugqithisa. Kuvavanyo olwandisiweyo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe imowudi yokusebenza okwethutyana ukuvumela i-servo ixesha elaneleyo lokupholisa, ngaloo ndlela yandisa ubomi bayo.